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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) – Introduction, Causes and Prevention

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EBNW Story
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Introduction

Antimicrobials are the drugs or medicines that help in fighting the microbes by either killing them or hampering their growth. They can be antibiotics , antifungals, antivirals, and antiparasitics. Have you ever noticed that the medicines you used when you were younger for a simple fever are very much different than the medicines prescribed today!? That is because of Antimicrobial resistance.

What is AMR?

Anti microbial resistance means that the effect of Antimicrobial drugs is resisted by the microbes i.e. The ineffectiveness of Antimicrobial drugs towards the microbes causing infection in the body. As we are getting closer to the latest technologies and advancements in Medicine, we’re leaving behind the traditional methods of treatment and overusing the antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of simple diseases which can be treated by light measures without antimicrobials.

How does antimicrobials work?

The antimicrobials work on the mechanism of restricting the growth of microbes (germs) and some kill the existing microbes prevailing in the body. When these anti microbial drugs are continuously used, or over used, or used without an specific reason, the microbes get mutated or form a protective mechanism against the anti microbials. This is why the anti microbials do not give the desirable effect, the treatment choices get narrower and thus the treatment gets difficult because antimicrobials get ineffective.

Causes of AMR

There are a few major causes of AMR which include : prescribing medicines more than required just like taking antibiotics in a viral flu;
Leaving the treatment incomplete eg. Taking medicine until the effect is achieved and not completing the full course of drugs as prescribed.;
Using way too many antimicrobials in poultry and dairy farming, fisheries and animal husbandries.;
Uncontrolled hospital acquired infections;
Not taking care of hygiene and sanitation which can be the cause of recurrent infections and can result in overusing the antibiotics.;
Not getting vaccinated;
Also when there is no judicious use of antimicrobials by people who take antibiotics without the prescription. Thus always ask your doctor before using any medicine with RED LINE on its packet. It’s a warning sign to cautiously use the drug with doctor’s permission.

By eliminating the above causes we can help in fighting back the diseases and by carefully using the course of antibiotics, we can prevent the resistance towards it.

THOUGHT TO PONDER

Imagine when you grow older and
no medicine works and all the medicines are resisted! What could you possibly do but wait to die.!? So complete and judicious treatment today will always be better than no treatment tomorrow.
So always remember: Correct Drug, Correct Dose and Correct Duration.

Special Report By: Dr. Pramiti Rastogi

Indian Cambridge Student decoded the Panini code of the 2500-year-old

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Akanksha
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Rishi Rajpopat an Indian Ph.D. student solved the “language machine” of 2500 year old.

The Indian Ph.D. student at the University of Cambridge published his thesis. Thus, when his thesis was published on Thursday, it was discovered that Rishi Rajpopat had allegedly solved a grammatical conundrum that had baffled scholars of Sanskrit since the fifth century BC.

Therefore, Rishi Rajpopat summarises the finding he made in his thesis by interpreting a rule which was provided by Panini. Panini is also regarded as the inventor of linguistics. It is now contained in Astadhyayi, in his thesis, as a term, In Panini, We Trust: Finding the Astadhyayi’s Rule Conflict Resolution Algorithm.

Thus, Rajpopat’s discovery has built the talk of the town in Cambridge. As per the university, it has been deemed “revolutionary” by leading Sanskrit experts and may now enable the first computer-based teaching of Panini’s grammar. As it had made a huge revolution in the linguistic field and for “language machine” Rajpopat has been praised by the experts at the University of Cambridge.

Considering that, Panini’s renowned work, the Astadhyayi, which is said to have been written around 500 BC has many rules. Consists of 4,000 rules that are designed to act as a machine in his work. Thus, Once the base and suffix of a word are entered, a step-by-step process should generate grammatically correct phrases and sentences.

The 27-year-old Scholar stated, that for a very long time of nine months, he had been working on this project, where he applied every single wit to it and there were no possible outcomes emerging for the sake of the project. Thus, he went back to his day and enjoyed the summer. However, in the middle of it, he submerged his work again. Therefore, when he started to lose in the work, he started to see the pattern and alignment.

Rishi Rajpopat describes this emergence of new theories in his thesis as his eureka moment. Later, every piece starts to collide making the whole process like puzzle solving.

The thesis was able to find and enables the use of Panini’s renowned “language machine.” The language machine is said to be widely regarded as one of the greatest intellectual achievements in history. Thus, it is mostly used to “generate” any Sanskrit word and construct millions of grammatically sound sentences.

Therefore, the resolution of so-called “rule disputes,” which affect millions of Sanskrit phrases, including certain variations of “mantra” and “guru,” requires certain algorithm. Therefore, Rajpopat’s research shows how self-adequate Panini’s purported language machine is.

Following the victory over Portugal, Morocco becomes the first African team to reach a World Cup semi-final.

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Akanksha
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FIFA Football World Cup 2022 in Qatar.

Morocco overcame Portugal 1-0 to move to the FIFA World Cup semifinals as the first African country.

In the first half of Youssef En On Saturday at Al Thumama Stadium, Nesyri’s strike delivered Morocco a thrilling 1-0 victory over Portugal. It not only gave Morocco a win but earned them the first African nation to progress to the World Cup semifinals.

However, The Atlas Lions was the first Arab team to make it to the last four. It potentially added Portugal to their list of European victims with a focused second-half effort.

One of the moments that hit the football fans was Cristiano Ronaldo’s participation in this world cup as Cristiano Ronaldo likely played his last World Cup game after an unsuccessful appearance as a substitute in the second half and failed to score his first knockout round goal ever.

Not only this but En’s header In the 42nd minute, Nesyri gave Morocco the lead as they staged an incredible comeback. It added more value to the performance of Morocco.

Therefore, after the interval, Portugal applied more pressure. However, injured Morocco, playing without three of their four first-choice defenders after captain Romain Saiss was substituted, still managed to hold on. Not to forget despite being reduced to 10 men in extra time.

Nonetheless, to the circumstances, Youssef En-Nesyri outjumped Portuguese goalkeeper Diogo Costa to poke the game-winning goal for Morocco in the first half.

The Moroccan squad surpassed Cameroon (1990), Senegal (2002), and Ghana to go to the semifinals of the biggest football competition in the world (2010).

Pramukh Swami Maharaj Shatabdi Mahotsav: Know story, significance and history behind celebrations

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EBNW Story
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As PM Narendra Modi addressed the inaugural function of Swami Maharaj Shatabdi Mahotsav in Ahmedabad (Gujarat), the EBNW Story hereby shares details of the programme while shedding light on the Swami Maharaj.

Pramukh Swami Maharaj was born as Shantilal Patel in Chansad village Gujarat. He was the guru and president of Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS), a major branch of Swaminarayan Sampradaya. BAPS regards him as the fifth spiritual successor of Swaminarayan.

PM Modi in his address said that this Swami Mahotsav has been celebrated in the UN also which shows that Swami ji’s thoughts are universal and eternal. Great tradition has been proposed by saints, From Veda to Vivekananda and the message of Vasudev Kutumbakam, Swami ji always encouraged the goodness inside the people. Though he was Saint but his vision was for social welfare not only for self salvation. Swami ji also served people during Machchu Dam disaster at Morbi. 

The Mahotsav campus called Swami Nagar has been created and decorated by about 80,000 volunteers, including students, businessmen, architects, professionals, foreigners, farmers, tribals, officers. In Swami Nagar campus, there is Akshardham temple that has been created in a very short time, which is a replication of Akshardham temple situated in Delhi. On the importance of Akshardham temple, Modi said that Akshardham temple is a medium to introduce the great tradition of India. He also gives the example of spirituality with modernity. 

This festival (Shatabdi mahotsav) shows the cultural and historical glimpse of India. In campus creators show the statues of brave revolutionaries, Indian currency and represents the 75 years of independence. 

The festival lays the Idea of unity, bringing people together From different religions, cultural backgrounds , and different social classes.

The centenary festival will be organised from 15 December to 15 January. This event will be held in Swami Nagar built in Ahmedabad. Preparations are going on for the last one year for this event. The festival is being organized in the memory of Swami Maharaj, a prominent saint in the Bhagwan Swaminarayan sect. 80,000 volunteers will take care of the arrangements for this grand event. Many youths have left their jobs and reached here for this big event of BAPS (Bochasanvasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha). Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel and Governor Acharya Devvrat will also be present at the inauguration ceremony.

Will Avatar 2, the most expensive film ever made, be a box-office success?

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Akanksha
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Avatar 2’s expected budget of $350 million, making it one of the most expensive films ever made, be enough to win the box office?

The most anticipated Hollywood movie, Avatar 2, will be released on December 16 this year. It is expected to be one of the costliest movies ever made. Thus, every eye is set on the release of the movie, tickets are booked, and fans are ready to experience the amazing world of Avatar.

Avatar 2 will be released all over India on 3000 screens. Thus, it is also expected that it will break the record of Avengers: Endgame, which is Hollywood’s highest-grossing movie of all time, beating the record of Avatar.

James Cameron stated that it is one of the worst business-case movies, referring to the fact that the movie has an estimated budget of $250 million.

However, it is one of the grossest movies ever made, with a budget of $350-$400 million. Thus, the expensive movie is at the pinnacle of winning the box office.

Thus, the extravaganza of intelligence and creativity in Avatar 2 hits theatres on December 16.

The world’s Richest man lost 2000 crore, daily, this year.

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Akanksha
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Elon Musk has lost about 2,000 crore per day this year.

Billionaires and millionaires are equally reaching new heights, as Bill Gates and Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos, who both acquired a net worth of $116 billion, recently demonstrated. These two are next in line, followed by Indian billionaire Gautam Adani. Whereas with a total net worth of $89.7 billion, Mukesh Ambani ranks ninth on the list. However, with a total net worth of $24.7 billion, Shiv Nadar is ranked 49th overall.

Thus, the excessive participation of Elon Musk on Twitter since his acquisition in October has quite alarmed Tesla investors. The investors have already received fixed assurances from Musk that he is just temporarily serving as the social media company’s CEO.

Nevertheless, after reorganising the company’s extensive operations, Musk intends to name a new CEO for Twitter.

in reference to Elon Musk’s $44 billion transaction with Twitter on October 27th.Thus, in contrast, the share prices of other US automakers, including those such as Volkswagen, Ford, and GM, increased throughout that time.

As China is one of the company’s biggest markets outside of the US, it is said to have limitations connected to COVID. Thus, Tesla has been dealing with supply-chain challenges, which are becoming huge circumstances in the marketing of Tesla, as well as the growing cost of raw materials. Plus, in addition to the recall of thousands of vehicles due to defective taillights,

Therefore, to cover the damages, Musk reduced the benefits for the surviving staff to cut expenses. In addition, he also apparently intends to charge for the complimentary lunches that Twitter staff formerly received. However, it’s unclear how Elon Musk will make up for all of the losses in the meantime while losing his wealth every day.

Christmas celebrations come with a difference all across the world…See how!

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Akanksha
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There are several traditions celebrated all over the world on the eve of Christmas.

Every year on December 25th, this festival arrives riding on a reindeer sleigh, bringing warmth in the winter. In the dead of winter, Christmas feels like a warm embrace. The festival is widely celebrated all over the world. Thus, people across the globe have accepted different traditions to add their own essence to Christmas.

Iceland and 13 Yule Lads

The land, which is associated with Yule tales, plays an important role in Iceland’s celebration. Christmas in Iceland is similar to Christmas in America. 13 Yule lads pay Icelandic youngsters a visit every evening before Christmas as a ritual. The kids will put their shoes by the window and then go upstairs to sleep.

However, it depends on the behavior of the kids; if they were good the night before, they would have received candies, but if they were naughty, they would have been met with shoes filled with rotting vegetables. Putting the gift of coal to shame.

New Zealand and summer Christmas

Not only for Australians but for Kiwis too, summer coincides with Christmas. Therefore, many of their customs and traditions revolve around gathering with friends and family around a grill for a casual barbeque of seasonal veggies, meat, fresh fish, and chit-chat.

However, the pohutukawa is New Zealand’s traditional Christmas tree and is used as a pine tree. It is a coastal species that blooms a vivid red hue in December and offers shade on hot days while people sing carols in both English and Māori. Thus, this too offers Christmas with a twist of New Zealand.

Martinique and the Tradition of Carol Songs with Yam

The Christmas festival is where La ribote, a long-standing custom on the French Caribbean island of Martinique, takes place. In tradition, it involves families visiting their neighbours, and friends with festive fare. There is a ritual involving yams, boudin créole, pâtés salés, and hog stew throughout Advent and also on New Year’s Day. The people of the island sing Christmas songs and carols together till the wee hours of the morning, embellishing the standard lyrics with their own creole embellishments.

Japan and Kentucky Fried Chicken

Even though Christmas is not a traditional festival in Japan, however, Japan celebrates Christmas in its own way. Instead of gathering around the table for a turkey feast, the families visit their neighborhood for Kentucky Fried Chicken on Thanksgiving. Kentucky’s Christmas tradition began in 1974, following a hugely successful marketing campaign called “Kurisumasu ni wa kentakkii!” or “Kentucky for Christmas!” Thus, some consumers purchase their boxes months in advance or wait in two-hour lineups to obtain their “finger lickin’ excellent” cuisine, as the fast-food company has maintained its yuletide appeal.

The current updates from the G20 meeting

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Akanksha
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G20 Meetings in Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Karnataka today have climate finance and cryptocurrencies on the program.

The G20 is one of the most revolutionary steps taken to provide for emerging countries and uplift developing countries. Thus, the G20 Finance Track’s inaugural meeting will be held in Bengaluru, Mumbai, and Karnataka, where India holds the G20 Presidency.

Thus, Mumbai police announced the traffic restriction in consideration of the G20 meeting today.

The G-7 body supports the emerging G20.

On Monday, the G-7 nations expressed their thoughts and support for India’s quest to lead the G-20 and reaffirmed their commitment to a sound and peaceful world. The G-7 leaders stated in a joint statement on Monday that they support a sustainable future for everybody.

In a joint address, the leaders of the G-7 countries extended their support and made promises in support of the efforts. Thus, the G7 and other international partners have demonstrated our commitment to working together to overcome both the critical immediate problems and serious structural issues under the German Presidency. Therefore, the G20 meeting and the new quest will open the path for development toward global equality.

G2O in Karnataka

The G20 meetings will begin today, where there will be 14 G20 meetings in Karnataka, with 11 in Bengaluru, 2 in Hampi, and 1 in Mysuru.

Karnataka would highlight its offerings and suggestions throughout the whole session and the participants’ stay. Thus, the delegates have scheduled trips inside Bengaluru as well as to Nandi Hills, Bhoga Nandishwara Temple, Mysuru, and Hampi.

A two-sided event will be held by the Indian presidency.

Considering the G20 event, according to a statement from the Ministry of External Affairs, the Indian Presidency will host two side events on December 13 before the official meeting of the Working Group.

Thus, these events are titled “Data for Development: The G20’s Contribution to the 2030 Agenda and Reinvigorating Green Development.”

G20 at Bangalore

Under the Presidency of India in the G20, Bangalore will hold and initiate the first meeting of the Finance and Central Bank Deputies (FCBD). The Ministry of Finance and the Reserve Bank of India will jointly discuss the “financial track” agenda in the three-day event of the G20 meeting.

G20 in Mumbai

As the G20 meetings have begun from December 13 to December 16, 2022, Mumbai will host the first Development Working Group (DWG) meeting under India’s G20 Presidency. The meeting will be in person for and with the G20 members, guests, and invited international organizations.

The inaugural ceremony of the G20 Meeting in Bangalore

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Akanksha
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The very first G20 Finance Track meeting will be held in Bengaluru.

The most anticipated G20 Finance Track’s inaugural meeting will be held in Bengaluru in the coming days. India holds the G20 Presidency this year. According to the statement of Ajay Seth, Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, the first G20 Finance and Central Bank Thus, the deputies’ meeting would occur in Bengaluru and would be held from December 13 to 15 December 2022.

What is the purpose of the G20?

The G20’s purpose is to coordinate member policies for sustained growth and global economic stability, which is essential for many countries. It also revolves around advanced financial laws that mitigate risk and help countries avoid future financial crises. The G20 will establish a new global financial system that will be a leading model for many emerging countries.

G20 Meeting

According to the secretary of the Department of Economic Affairs, the meeting would bring many things to light. The Finance Track meetings at one of India’s most prestigious metropolises, recognised for its high-tech sector, provide for the emerging IT sector.

The certain aim of G20 finance will be to increase the collective readiness for most of the demands and difficulties, which are particularly difficult for developing and fragile countries.

However, the chance to lead this significant global economic alliance for a whole year Thus, according to the Secretary, the G20 comes this year when India’s GDP is the largest and is expanding the fastest. There will be many advantages for development that must now be inclusive and universal. Therefore, according to Seth, who noted that the Prime Minister made this point in his speech on the development of countries at the G20 summit in Bali,

Thus, the Ministry of Finance has included this principle in the agenda for the G20 Finance Track.

Under India’s G20 Presidency, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and the Governor of the RBI Shaktikanta Das will oversee the Finance Track.

Not only this, we will strive to significantly contribute to the conversation on the state of the world’s economy through roughly 40 meetings spread out around the nation, encompassing several working groups and four ministerial-level meetings.

Meet with nature nurturing in pristine Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne

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EBNW Story
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Wanna listen to the sounds of silent nature nurturing thousands of species of trees, plants, grass and water bodies from across the world keeping them under its fold?

Try visiting the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne where you can enjoy your company with yourself and listen to the chirping of sounds of birds of different species. The clear skies and green earth are sure to enchant you and take you in altogether different world.

The garden is said to be over 170 years old and is said to be a treasured part of Melbourne’s cultural life.

It is much loved by generations of Victorians, as well as by many visitors from interstate and overseas for being a picturesque haven for recreation as well as an important resource for education, conservation, science and horticulture.

Meet with nature nurturing in pristine Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne

Extending over 38 hectares and housing a collection of more than 8,500 species of plants from around the world, including amazing and diverse plant collections such as camellias, rainforest flora, cacti and succulents, roses, Californian species, herbs, perennials, cycads, plants from Southern China and, in the Rare and Threatened Species Collection, plants from south-eastern Australia, the garden should not be missed by those visiting Melbourne for you are sure to inhale fresh Oxygen when being in the vicinity of this garden.

  • OpenDaily 7.30am – 7.30pm
  • Children’s Garden: Wed – Sun
  • The Terrace kiosk is now open for light refreshments. The Terrace café will be open mid December 2022. A Gate is closed for renovation. Please enter via H or B Gates.
  • AdmissionFree
  • LocationBirdwood Avenue, Melbourne
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