Recently, researchers identified a new plant species named Stellaria bengalensis in the Kalimpong district of West Bengal. This discovery not only enriches the biodiversity of the region but also highlights the ongoing efforts to explore India’s vast and diverse flora.
Discovery Details
The plant was discovered by Arya S. from PSG College of Arts and Science and Harsh Singh from North-Eastern Hill University. Their groundbreaking findings were published in the journal Phytotaxa. Remarkably, Stellaria bengalensis is the second Stellaria species identified in India this year.
Earlier in May, Dr. Arya and his team uncovered Stellaria mcclintockiae in the Nelliyampathy Hills of Kerala. Both species are known to thrive on muddy slopes, indicating their preference for specific habitats.
Habitat and Altitude
Stellaria bengalensis is found at altitudes ranging from 2,245 to 2,450 meters in the Sangser forest of Kalimpong. This specific altitude range underscores the unique ecological niche that the species occupies, making it a vital addition to the region’s biodiversity.
Plant Characteristics
This small annual herb typically grows to a height of 8 to 10.5 cm. It is characterized by its delicate white flowers, the absence of bracts, and short petals that remain hidden within the sepals. The plant produces pointed seeds and has a flowering period from May to September, showcasing its distinct lifecycle.
Distribution and Conservation Status
India is home to approximately 22 species of Stellaria, most of which are concentrated in the Himalayan region. Researchers believe that Stellaria bengalensis might also inhabit other areas of the western Himalayas, although further studies are needed to confirm this.
Currently, the species is listed as “Data Deficient” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This classification highlights the pressing need for comprehensive research into its population dynamics and conservation requirements.
Significance of the Discovery
The identification of Stellaria bengalensis underscores the importance of preserving India’s unique ecosystems. It serves as a reminder of the hidden treasures in the country’s rich biodiversity and the ongoing need to protect these environments from ecological threats.