By Yuvraj Singh Rathore
India launched Operation Sindoor on May 7, 2025, as a direct military response to the Pahalgam terror attack on April 22 that killed 26 civilians. The operation was a landmark in India’s modern counter-terrorism approach, combining speed, precision, and strategic messaging to the global community. In just 25 minutes, Indian Armed Forces conducted airstrikes on nine terrorist camps located in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK).
Using advanced Rafale fighter jets equipped with SCALP missiles and precision-guided bombs, Indian forces eliminated around 70 terrorists affiliated with Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) and Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT). Among those killed were reportedly close aides and relatives of JeM chief Masood Azhar. The government of India stated clearly that Operation Sindoor was a measured counter-terrorism action, not a declaration of war, and was designed to protect national security while avoiding broader conflict escalation.
India-Pakistan Tensions After Operation Sindoor
Operation Sindoor significantly escalated India-Pakistan tensions. In retaliation, Pakistan launched drone and missile attacks targeting Indian military infrastructure. However, India’s advanced air defense systems successfully intercepted the threats, preventing further escalation. The geopolitical rift deepened as India expelled Pakistani diplomats, revoked visas, and took the unprecedented step of suspending the Indus Waters Treaty—a landmark water-sharing agreement in effect since 1960.
Pakistan responded by suspending the 1972 Simla Agreement, expelling Indian envoys, and closing trade routes and airspace to Indian traffic. These moves marked the most severe diplomatic fallout between the two nations in decades.
Humanitarian and Civilian Impact
Despite the operation’s focus on militant targets, there were civilian casualties in the aftermath of retaliatory strikes. In India, at least 21 civilians and 5 military personnel were reported dead, with heavy damage in the Poonch district. International humanitarian organizations expressed deep concern over the rising civilian toll and called for immediate de-escalation and protection of non-combatants on both sides.
Global Reaction to Operation Sindoor
The international community closely monitored the situation. Major powers like the United States, United Kingdom, Russia, and China issued statements urging restraint and diplomatic dialogue. The United Nations also emphasized the importance of peaceful conflict resolution to prevent regional destabilization in South Asia, one of the world’s most sensitive geopolitical zones.
Economic and Market Reactions
The economic effects of Operation Sindoor were felt globally. The heightened tension between two nuclear-armed countries caused global oil prices to rise and increased volatility in emerging markets. The Indian rupee and Pakistani rupee both faced downward pressure, triggering interventions by central banks. Investor confidence in South Asia dipped temporarily, with global markets reacting cautiously to the unfolding developments.
Strategic Significance of Operation Sindoor
Operation Sindoor signifies a turning point in India’s security doctrine. It demonstrated the country’s growing reliance on precision military technology, real-time intelligence, and decisive action. It also sent a strong signal that cross-border terrorism will be met with swift and strategic retaliation. The operation reaffirmed India’s intent to defend its sovereignty while attempting to avoid full-scale war.
Conclusion: A Critical Moment in South Asian Geopolitics
As the dust settles on Operation Sindoor, the global community remains focused on ensuring that tensions between India and Pakistan do not escalate further. While the mission achieved its immediate military goals, the broader diplomatic, humanitarian, and economic consequences underscore the need for sustained dialogue, regional stability, and international mediation.