The historic Venkat Bhawan, also known locally as Bhyankar Bhavan, stands as a silent witness to a compassionate royal legacy. Built during the famine of 1894, this architectural marvel was commissioned by the then Maharaja of Rewa not just as a royal residence, but as a visionary step to provide employment and relief to the local population during a time of severe famine. This intricately designed structure, often referred to as the “Bhyankar Bhawan,” is a hidden gem in the city’s Civil Lines area, near the Rewa Fort complex. Built by Maharaja Venkataraman Singh during the famine of 1894 to provide employment to locals, this magnificent edifice was completed in 1907. Spanning 425 square meters, Venkat Bhawan is a blend of aesthetic grandeur and cultural heritage, captivating visitors with its unique design and historical importance.
A Symbol of Resilience and Ingenuity
Venkat Bhawan was conceived as a means to support the local community during a period of crisis. Maharaja Venkataraman Singh’s vision to create employment through its construction resulted in a masterpiece that continues to awe visitors. The main entrance of the bhawan is adorned with life-sized carvings of Lord Shiva and Parvati, sourced from a nearby ruined temple, adding a spiritual dimension to its architectural charm. The structure is built around a circular pond with a central platform, and its outer walls (baradari) feature twelve doors that allow natural light and fresh air to flow through, creating a serene ambiance.
Architectural Splendor and Unique Features
The design of Venkat Bhawan is inspired by the cosmic concept of Akash (sky), Patal (underworld), and Bhulok (earth). The bhawan houses a stunning indoor pond and an expansive tunnel system connecting it to the Rewa Fort. These secret passages were strategically built for emergency escapes and discreet meetings, reflecting the ingenuity of its planners. Additionally, the bhawan features beautifully crafted halls where King Vikramaditya once held his royal court, adorned with exquisite statues of various deities. A large underground chamber, which could double as a grand bathhouse or an assembly hall during emergencies, further enhances the bhawan’s uniqueness.
The exterior is equally captivating, with a large metal fountain adding to its aesthetic appeal. To the southeast lies the renowned Kothi Temple (Bam-Khata-Khat), a famous Shiva temple that complements the spiritual aura of the site.
A Hub of Cultural and Historical Significance
Venkat Bhawan is not just an architectural marvel but also a cultural hub. Open to visitors daily from 10 AM to 5 PM, the bhawan occasionally hosts cultural programs and local exhibitions, especially during heritage weeks or local fairs. Its proximity to the Rewa Fort makes it an integral part of the city’s historical landscape, attracting tourists and history enthusiasts alike.
Preservation Efforts Underway
Despite its grandeur, Venkat Bhawan’s condition has deteriorated over time. A recent inspection by the Rewa Collector revealed the need for urgent restoration. The Madhya Pradesh Archaeology Department has initiated preliminary cleaning and survey work, with proposals for conservation and repair in progress. These efforts aim to restore the bhawan to its former glory, ensuring that future generations can marvel at its historical and architectural significance.