“We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children,” says an American Indian proverb. Going in the same content, May 22 is celebrated as the International Day for Biological Diversity across the globe. Let’ see the significance of the day and study its biological diversity.
What is International Day for Biological Diversity?
The International Day for Biological Diversity, celebrated annually on May 22, is a United Nations initiative to raise awareness about protecting biodiversity. It highlights the critical role ecosystems play in addressing climate change, ensuring food security, supporting indigenous communities, and promoting sustainable development. In India, where biodiversity is vast and vibrant, this day holds special significance as climate change threatens ecosystems and livelihoods.
India’s Biodiversity and Climate Change
India is home to diverse ecosystems, from the Himalayas to coastal mangroves, hosting over 91,000 animal species and 45,000 plant species. However, climate change poses severe risks, including rising temperatures, erratic monsoons, and extreme weather events like floods and droughts. These changes disrupt habitats, threaten species like tigers and elephants, and impact agriculture, which millions depend on. For instance, warming temperatures in the Western Ghats endanger unique species, while melting Himalayan glaciers affect water availability for rivers like the Ganges.
Why Protecting Biodiversity Matters
Biodiversity is India’s natural shield against climate change. Forests absorb carbon dioxide, mangroves protect coastlines from storms, and wetlands regulate water cycles. Healthy ecosystems ensure food security by supporting pollinators like bees, vital for crops. They also sustain indigenous communities who rely on forests and rivers for their livelihoods. By preserving biodiversity, India can build resilience against climate impacts, reduce poverty, and promote sustainable development.
India’s Efforts and the Way Forward
India has taken steps like afforestation, wildlife conservation, and renewable energy adoption to combat climate change. Programs like the National Biodiversity Action Plan aim to protect ecosystems. However, more action is needed reducing deforestation, promoting eco-friendly farming, and raising awareness. On International Day for Biological Diversity, let’s pledge to protect India’s natural heritage for a sustainable, climate-resilient future.