The recent visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Mauritius highlighted the deep-rooted cultural ties between India and the island nation. Among the many grand gestures of welcome, one stood out—the traditional Bhojpuri performance known as Geet Gawai. This vibrant art form not only set the stage for the visit but also reaffirmed the rich heritage and identity that the Indian diaspora has nurtured in Mauritius over generations.
What is Geet Gawai?
Geet Gawai is a traditional Bhojpuri musical ensemble performed predominantly by women. Integral to life’s significant milestones, especially weddings, this practice is more than just entertainment—it is a communal and spiritual experience. A typical performance begins with invocations to deities, followed by uplifting songs that celebrate love, unity, and devotion. Recognizing its cultural significance, UNESCO inscribed Geet Gawai as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in December 2016.
Historical Roots of Geet Gawai in Mauritius
The origins of Geet Gawai in Mauritius date back to the arrival of Indian indentured laborers in the 19th century. Between 1834 and the early 1900s, nearly five lakh Indians were brought to Mauritius, many of whom hailed from Bhojpuri-speaking regions. Despite the challenges of displacement and adaptation, they preserved their customs, language, and traditions, including Geet Gawai. Over time, this musical expression became a symbol of resilience and cultural continuity.
Cultural Practices and Rituals
Geet Gawai plays a central role in pre-wedding ceremonies in Mauritius. Female family members gather to engage in household tasks like sorting turmeric and rice, while singing devotional and celebratory songs. The practice fosters strong community bonds and reinforces cultural identity among the Bhojpuri-speaking population. Passed down through generations, Geet Gawai remains an essential element of social and spiritual life in Mauritius.
The Bhojpuri Language in Mauritius
Bhojpuri is one of the prominent languages spoken in Mauritius. As per the 2011 Census, around 5.3% of the population speaks Bhojpuri, and it plays an important role in political discourse and cultural expressions. Recognizing its significance, the Mauritian government has introduced educational policies to promote Bhojpuri, incorporating it into primary school curricula.
Mauritius: A Mini India
Often referred to as “Mini India,” Mauritius boasts a significant population of Indian origin. The cultural imprint of Indian traditions is evident in the everyday lives of Mauritians, from attire to religious observances and festivals. Indian heritage is celebrated widely, making Mauritius a living testament to India’s far-reaching cultural influence.
Government Initiatives to Promote Bhojpuri
The Government of Mauritius has actively worked to preserve and promote the Bhojpuri language and culture. The Bhojpuri-Speaking Union Act was established to support cultural activities and initiatives. Additionally, events such as the Bhojpuri Mahotsav were launched to celebrate and promote Bhojpuri heritage. While the festival faced delays due to the pandemic, efforts to revive and sustain such cultural expressions remain strong.
Conclusion
The enduring tradition of Geet Gawai underscores the rich and vibrant cultural ties between India and Mauritius. More than just a performance, it is a cherished expression of identity, community, and history. As Mauritius continues to honor its ancestral heritage, Geet Gawai stands as a testament to the strength of cultural preservation and the unbreakable bonds between the two nations.