In a landmark moment for Indian space exploration, Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla etched his name into history as the first Indian to conduct scientific research aboard the International Space Station (ISS). As part of the Axiom-4 mission, Shukla spent 18 transformative days in microgravity, leading seven pioneering experiments designed by Indian institutions. These ranged from studying muscle regeneration and seed sprouting to exploring the resilience of tardigrades, the oxygen-producing potential of cyanobacteria, and the viability of microalgae as food and fuel sources.
His work not only deepens our understanding of life in space but also lays the groundwork for India’s future human spaceflight programs, including Gaganyaan and lunar missions. From testing screen interaction in zero gravity to cultivating methi and moong seeds in orbit, Shukla’s mission blended scientific rigor with cultural pride—echoing Rakesh Sharma’s iconic “Saare Jahan Se Achha” as he floated among the stars.
Scientific Experiments Conducted in Space
Myogenesis (Muscle Regeneration)
- Studied the impact of microgravity on muscles
- Aimed at developing future treatments for elderly individuals and astronauts
Experiments on Tardigrades
- Research on the world’s most resilient organism
- Discovered how they survive and reproduce in microgravity
Microalgae
- Research on algae for nutrition and oxygen recycling
- Alternative source of food and air in space missions
Sprouting of Moong and Fenugreek Seeds
- Sprouting seeds in microgravity
- Analysis of genetics and nutritional quality
Seed Germination Research
- Tested the behavior of seeds from 6 different crop varieties in space
- Preparation for space farming and sustainable food production
Cyanobacteria Studies
- Focused on oxygen-producing bacteria
- Effort to create habitable environments for humans in space
Impact of Screens on Eyes
- Analyzed how computer screens affect eye health
- Studied visual focus and movement in microgravity conditions
Technical and Cultural Harmony
The experiments conducted in space embodied not just scientific depth, but also a strong sense of Indian cultural pride. While representing India’s diversity and scientific spirit aboard the ISS, Shubhanshu Shukla tested screen interaction in zero gravity and germinated native food seeds—bringing the concept of “Swadeshi Experiments” to life beyond Earth. One especially emotional moment came when Shukla paid tribute to Rakesh Sharma by evoking the spirit of “Saare Jahan Se Achha” in space—an iconic and heartwarming gesture that resonated deeply in the annals of India’s space history.
Foundation for India’s Future
This mission was not merely a set of scientific trials—it acted as a blueprint for India’s upcoming human spaceflight endeavors, such as Gaganyaan. Its success established that India is not just present in space, but capable of leading scientific advancements there.
Shubhanshu Shukla’s space journey is a testament to India’s scientific potential, curiosity, and self-reliance. It inspires every Indian by proving that space is now an extension of our national laboratory—and a canvas for our ambitions.