In an exciting discovery that sheds light on the ancient use of cosmetics, archaeologists have unearthed the oldest known kohl stick—an early form of eyeliner—at the prehistoric archaeological site of Yeşilova Höyük in Turkey. This remarkable find reveals that humans have been using makeup for over 8,000 years, offering a glimpse into the beauty practices of ancient civilizations.
The Discovery
The kohl stick, which dates back more than 8,200 years, is crafted from green serpentine stone and still bears traces of black paint at its tip. This makes it the earliest evidence of cosmetics use ever found. Zafer Derin, the lead archaeologist on the dig, emphasized that kohl was widely used throughout history in different cultures, from Egypt and the Levant to Anatolia (modern-day Turkey).
The presence of the kohl stick in the Aegean region of Yeşilova suggests that even during prehistoric times, women were concerned with enhancing their appearance. This discovery not only highlights the early origins of beauty culture but also the sophistication of personal care in ancient societies.
Physical Details of the Kohl Stick
The ancient kohl stick is a finely shaped tool, about 10 cm long and 1 cm thick, resembling a modern-day pen. Its delicate craftsmanship suggests that the people of this era had highly developed skills in creating precise instruments for personal use.
To apply makeup, the stick would likely have been dipped in kohl powder, which was then carefully applied around the eyes. The black substance found on the tip of the stick is believed to contain manganese oxide, a common ingredient in traditional kohl formulations, which would have created the dark, dramatic eye makeup look often associated with ancient cultures.
Kohl’s Medicinal and Cultural Uses
Kohl wasn’t just about beauty; it also had medicinal and cultural significance. Historical texts suggest that kohl was used to protect the eyes from the sun’s harsh rays and was thought to treat various eye diseases. In many cultures, applying kohl was considered to have spiritual or protective qualities, often associated with warding off evil spirits or improving vision.
Traditionally, kohl was made by grinding a mineral known as stibnite, found in hydrothermal deposits, into a fine powder. This powder was then applied around the eyes to create bold, dark outlines, a look still admired in many parts of the world today.
A Glimpse into Ancient Beauty Practices
The discovery of this ancient kohl stick reveals that the use of makeup has deep roots in human history. Even in prehistoric times, people were attentive to their appearance, using cosmetics that served both practical and aesthetic purposes. Beyond beautification, kohl had medicinal and cultural functions, showing the multifaceted role that makeup played in early societies.
Moreover, the finely crafted kohl stick points to the advanced craftsmanship of ancient civilizations. These early inhabitants of Yeşilova Höyük had not only developed sophisticated tools for personal care but also mastered the art of combining beauty with functionality.
Summing Up
The finding of the oldest known kohl stick at Yeşilova Höyük is a remarkable testament to the longevity of beauty practices in human culture. This 8,200-year-old relic connects us with the daily lives of ancient people, revealing that personal care and adornment have been an essential part of human life for millennia. Whether for cosmetic, medicinal, or cultural reasons, the use of kohl in ancient times underscores the complexity and richness of early human civilization.