Antacids have become one of the most commonly consumed over-the-counter medications in India, often seen as a quick fix for acidity, heartburn and indigestion. But health experts are now warning that frequent and unchecked use of these medications could be harming more than just stomach discomfort potentially affecting the heart, kidneys and overall gut health.
Antacids and why people use them
Antacids are medications that neutralise stomach acid to provide relief from symptoms like heartburn, bloating and acid reflux. In India, dietary habits that include spicy food, late-night meals, fried snacks and irregular eating patterns contribute to frequent acidity complaints. Combined with high stress levels and long working hours, many people resort to antacids as a go-to solution, sometimes multiple times a day without medical advice.
Hidden risks of frequent use
While occasional use of antacids is generally considered safe, prolonged or excessive consumption can cause a range of health issues, doctors say. One concern is that antacids can alter the natural acidity of the stomach, affecting digestion and nutrient absorption. This can lead to deficiencies in important minerals like calcium, magnesium and vitamin B12 over time.
Impact on gut microbiome and digestion
Another growing concern is the effect of antacids on the gut microbiome the community of beneficial bacteria that supports digestion, immunity and overall health. Reducing stomach acid too frequently can allow harmful bacteria to survive and thrive, disrupting this delicate balance and increasing the risk of infections, bloating and other gastrointestinal problems.
Effects on kidneys and heart health
Certain types of antacids contain high levels of sodium or aluminium compounds, which can place added strain on the kidneys, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney issues. There is also evidence suggesting that long-term use of some antacid formulations may be linked to increased risks of cardiovascular issues, particularly when combined with other risk factors like hypertension or diabetes.
Doctors urge caution and lifestyle changes
Health professionals emphasise that antacids should not be used as a long-term solution without medical supervision. Instead, they recommend addressing the root causes of acidity through dietary and lifestyle changes. Eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, quitting tobacco, and managing stress through exercise and adequate sleep are all strategies that can reduce dependence on medication.
When antacids are appropriate
Occasional antacid use can be helpful for temporary relief, particularly after a large or spicy meal. However, persistent symptoms that occur more than twice a week may indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or other digestive disorders that require professional evaluation and targeted treatment.
As India’s acidity culture evolves
With India’s fast-paced lifestyle and evolving food culture, acidity and indigestion have become increasingly common complaints. But experts say it is crucial for people to understand the limitations and potential risks of quick-fix medications like antacids. Recognising symptoms early, making healthy lifestyle choices, and consulting doctors when needed can help protect not just digestive health but overall long-term well-being.