Etikoppaka Bommalu, the traditional wooden toy craft of Andhra Pradesh, stands as a testament to India’s rich artistic heritage and sustainable craftsmanship. Recently showcased during the 76th Republic Day parade, these handcrafted toys symbolize a perfect blend of tradition, eco-conscious artistry, and cultural storytelling. With a legacy spanning over 400 years, Etikoppaka artisans continue to create vibrant and intricate wooden toys, preserving a craft deeply rooted in Indian heritage.
Historical Roots
The origins of Etikoppaka Bommalu can be traced back to ancient Indian civilizations, including the Indus Valley. The craft has been passed down through generations, with artisans perfecting the art of toy-making while maintaining strong ties to their environment.
Each toy is a reflection of Andhra Pradesh’s cultural legacy, often depicting:
- Mythological figures
- Traditional household items
- Animals and birds
- Miniature village scenes
The intricate designs and storytelling elements embedded in these toys highlight the region’s folklore, traditions, and way of life.
Materials and Craftsmanship
A defining feature of Etikoppaka Bommalu is its use of sustainable materials. The primary raw material used is the wood of the Ankudu tree (Wrightia tinctoria), known for its soft texture and easy malleability, making it ideal for detailed carvings.
The Traditional Toy-Making Process
- Wood Selection & Carving – Artisans carefully carve the toys from seasoned Ankudu wood, shaping them into distinct figures.
- Natural Dyeing – Unlike synthetic paints, Etikoppaka artisans use natural dyes derived from seeds, leaves, bark, and roots, ensuring the toys remain chemical-free and child-safe.
- Lacquer-Turning Technique – The final step involves lac resin polishing, giving the toys their signature smooth, glossy, and vibrant finish.
The use of organic colors and non-toxic finishes makes these toys safe for children and eco-conscious consumers, further reinforcing the craft’s sustainability and global appeal.
Recognition and Cultural Impact
In 2017, Etikoppaka Bommalu received the prestigious Geographical Indication (GI) tag), affirming their authenticity and cultural significance. This recognition has:
- Protected the craft from counterfeit products
- Boosted market value and artisan livelihoods
- Increased global demand among eco-friendly buyers and collectors
These handcrafted toys have also gained international recognition, with art enthusiasts and sustainable lifestyle advocates appreciating their exquisite craftsmanship and minimal environmental impact.
Preserving a Timeless Tradition
Despite growing admiration, Etikoppaka artisans face challenges such as mass-produced plastic toys, declining traditional skills, and market fluctuations. However, government initiatives, artisan cooperatives, and conscious consumer choices are helping revive and sustain this invaluable heritage.
With global appreciation for sustainable products on the rise, Etikoppaka Bommalu continues to shine as an exemplary model of Indian handicraft, proving that tradition and innovation can coexist beautifully.