The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has achieved a significant milestone with its LVM3 rocket, now capable of placing satellites in multiple orbits during a single mission. This advancement, made possible by the development of a cutting-edge “multi-element ignitor” for the CE-20 Cryogenic engine, enhances the versatility and cost-efficiency of India’s space exploration efforts.
The Multi-Element Ignitor: A Game-Changer
The newly developed multi-element ignitor is a breakthrough for ISRO, enabling the CE-20 Cryogenic engine to restart in space. This innovation allows the LVM3 rocket to deploy multiple satellites into different orbits without requiring additional launches. It represents a step forward in reducing costs and maximizing the utility of a single mission.
The Vital Role of the CE-20 Cryogenic Engine
The CE-20 Cryogenic engine powers the LVM3’s final stage and plays a critical role in accurately placing satellites into their designated orbits. Recent tests confirmed the engine’s ability to restart and operate flawlessly, reinforcing its reliability for complex missions.
To ensure the engine’s functionality, ISRO conducted a “Sea Level Test,” an unconventional yet effective method adapted to simulate full operational conditions. The inclusion of a Nozzle Protection System further enhanced the test’s effectiveness while keeping costs manageable.
ISRO’s Legacy in Multi-Orbit Missions
This isn’t ISRO’s first foray into multi-orbit missions. In 2019, the PSLV-C45 demonstrated similar capabilities by deploying one primary satellite and 28 international satellites into multiple orbits through engine restarts. With the LVM3 rocket, ISRO aims to advance this legacy by enabling two to three restarts of the CE-20 engine in future missions, significantly boosting operational flexibility.
Cold Gas Thruster Technology
Before the advent of restart technology, ISRO relied on cold gas thrusters for precise satellite positioning. This method utilized leftover fuel for minor thrust adjustments, ensuring accurate deployment. While effective, it had limitations compared to the advanced capabilities of the CE-20 engine.
Enhancing Payload Capacity for Future Missions
The CE-20 engine, which uses super-cooled fuels requiring stringent storage conditions, has already powered multiple successful LVM3 missions. Its indigenous design continues to evolve, with upgrades in progress to handle heavier payloads. These advancements are critical for upcoming missions like Gaganyaan, India’s ambitious human spaceflight program.
A Milestone in Indian Space Exploration
With the LVM3 rocket’s multi-orbit capability, ISRO has once again demonstrated its engineering excellence and innovative prowess. This achievement not only enhances India’s competitiveness in the global space industry but also paves the way for more complex and cost-effective missions in the future.